如今社会，人们追求高薪、高位、高速度、速食、速爱，结果往往在梦想成为现实时，疾病这
个不速之客也不约而至，杀你个措手不及。
就像高血压，它就很喜欢那些追求快节奏生活的人，因此成为当今世界上流行最广泛的疾病，
已影响到全球10亿人。
Like hypertension, it is prefer those pursue fast-paced lives, therefore become the world's
most widely prevalent diseases, has affected the world's 10 million people.
- 高血压的 “三高” 与 “三低” "3 high" & "3 low" of hypertension
“三高” 是指 患病率高，致残率高，死亡率高
"3 high" means High prevalence, high morbidity, high mortality
“三低” 是指 知晓率低，治疗率低，控制率低
"3 low" means Low awareness, treatment rate is low and control rate is low
- 高血压的征兆 Signs of high blood pressure
高血压病的临床表现，往往因人、因病而异。
某些病人起初可能没有任何症状，有的很像神经症，如不测量血压易造成误诊。
特别要关注的是，病人的症状并不一定与血压的高低成正比。
有些病人血压不太高，症状却很多；
而另一些病人虽然血压很高，症状却不太明显。
大多数早期高血压患者可以没有任何症状。
患了高血压有无症状取决于血压的水平、内脏器官有无损害及个人的耐受性。
如果在精神紧张、情绪激动或劳累后有头晕、头痛、眼花、耳鸣、失眠、乏力或注意力不集中
等症状，其最常见的原因就是高血压。
The clinical manifestations of hypertension, often from person to person, due to illness varies.
At first, some patients may not have any symptoms, and some like neurosis, such as do not measure blood pressure easy to cause misdiagnosed.
Particular concern is the patient's symptoms are not necessarily proportional to the level of blood pressure.
Some patient's blood pressure is not too high, but have a lot of symptoms; and although some patient's blood pressure is high, but symptoms are less obvious. Most early hypertension may not have any symptoms.
Suffering from high blood pressure whether have or no symptoms depends on the level of blood pressure , without damage to internal organs and individual tolerance.
If nervous, emotional excitement or after exertion will cause dizziness, headache, vertigo, tinnitus, insomnia, fatigue or lack of concentration and other symptoms, the mostcommon cause which is hypertension.
- 高血压病的基本辅助检查 Basic laboratory examinations of hypertension
- 肾功能评价 Evaluation of renal function
- 血糖测定 Blood glucose determination
- 检查有无高钙血症 Check for hypercalcemia
- 血尿酸水平 Serum uric acid level
- 血清胆固醇和甘油三酯的测定 Determination of serum cholesterol and triglycerides
- 心电图检查 Electrocardiogram examination
- X线胸片检查 X ray chest film examination
- 超声心动图检查 Echocardiography examination
- 血压水平的定义和分类 Definition and classification of blood pressure
理想血压
Ideal blood pressure
收缩压Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) <120
舒张压Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) <80
正常血压
Normal blood pressure
收缩压Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) <130
舒张压Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) <85
正常高值
Normal high value
收缩压Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) 130~139
舒张压Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) 85~89
1级高血压（轻度）
1st stage hypertension (mild)
收缩压Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) 140~159
舒张压Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) 90~99
2级高血压（中度）
2nd stage hypertension (moderate)
收缩压Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) 160~179
舒张压Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) 100~109
3级高血压（重度）
3rd stage hypertension (severe)
收缩压Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) ≥180
舒张压Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) ≥110
- 高血压患者要经常测量血压 Always measure blood pressure in patients with hypertension！
一般情况下，高血压病人在血压升高时，常会感到头晕、头痛、乏力等。
但有的病人由于长期处于高血压或血压波动较大的情况下，会逐渐适应高血压状态，头晕等症状并不明显。
若不定期检测血压，指导用药，在某些诱因的促发下，很容易发生心、脑、肾等严重并发症，甚至危及生命。
据报道，因高血压导致脑出血的占70%，其中不能定期检测血压者占8成。由此可见，高血压病人平时定期检测血压是多么重要。
In general, high blood pressure in hypertensive patients, often feel dizziness, headache, fatigue and so on.
However, some patients with hypertension or blood pressure due to the long in thehigher volatility situation, the state will gradually adapt to high blood pressure, dizziness and other symptoms are not obvious.
If did not measure the blood pressure from time to time and use medicine guidance, it will trigger in some incentives, it is very likely to occur heart, brain, kidney and other serious complications,even life-threatening.
According to reports, brain hemorrhage caused by hypertension 70%, which can not check the blood pressure regular be accounted for 8 percent. Thus, regular testing of blood pressure in patients with hypertension usually how important it is.
- 怎样准确地测量血压？ How to measure blood pressure accurately?
测量血压不要在上厕所、开会、运动、吃饭、吸烟、饮酒、饮咖啡及受冷后30分钟内进行。测量血压要保持安静5分钟以上，室内保持安静。
以坐位血压为标准，测时上臂不要被衣袖所压迫，手掌向上，不要握拳，手臂测量部位的高度要与心脏保持水平，与身体呈45度角。
第一次测量血压后，可间隔2分钟再复测2次以上，记录每次所测的血压值。至少取2个以上的血压读数的平均值作为最终测得的血压值。
Do not measure the blood pressure while in the toilet, meetings, exercise, eating, smoking,drinking wine/beer, drinking coffee and the cold within 30 minutes. Measure blood pressure need to keep calm, keep quiet room about more than 5 minutes.
Sitting blood pressure as the standard, when measured the upper arm, the sleeves not to be oppressed, palms up, do not make a fist, maintain the level arm position with the heart, and body angle of 45 degrees.
After the first measurement of blood pressure may repeat test in interval of 2 minutes and test for 2 more times, recording each of the measured blood pressure values. Take at least 2 blood pressure readings as average as the final measured blood pressure values.
- 使用什么样的血压计好？ What type of Sphygmomanometer has a good effect?
现在市场上卖的血压计主要分为水银柱式血压计和电子（无液）血压计两大类。水银柱式血压计体积较大，不方便携带。电子血压计体积较小，携带方便，使用亦方便，几乎所有人都可以自己使用，作为自我检查血压的工具很受高血压患者欢迎。
医院的医生均使用水银柱式血压计，因为血压就是水银柱的高度作为血压的标准，水银柱式血压计是精确的血压计。
爱心提示：
电子血压计和其他类型的血压计都是以水银柱式血压计作为标准来设计的。由于它们的敏感度不同，测出的值与水银柱式血压计测出的值常有出入。因次，推荐使用根据准侧试证实准确的电子血压计，一般推荐使用上臂式全自动或半自动血压计，不推荐使用手腕式或指套式血压计。
Sphygmomanometer sold on the market today is divided into mercury column sphygmomanometer and electronic (no liquid) sphygmomanometer two broad categories. Mercury column sphygmomanometer large in size and inconvenient to carry.
Electronic sphygmomanometer smaller, portable, easy to use also, almost anyone canuse it , as a popular measurement for self-check blood pressure of hypertension patients.
Doctors are using the mercury column sphygmomanometer, is because the blood pressure is according to the height of mercury column as standard blood pressure, mercury column sphygmomanometer is measure the blood pressure accurately.
Carring tips:
Electronic sphygmomanometer and other type of sphygmomanometer are based on mercury column sphygmomanometer as standard design. Because of their different sensitivity ,the values of blood pressure that measured by mercury column sphygmomanometer and other sphygmomanometer are always different.
Generally, recommended to use automatic or semi-automatic upper arm sphygmomanometer and is not recommended for wrist or finger-type sphygmomanometer.
